Perama Cave is geologically linked to the presence and evolution of Lake Pamvotis. Dated to about 1.5 million years it was part of the lake’s riverbed section when the waters of Pamvotis covered the entire basin of the city of Ioannina and the hill Goritsa was an island.

In 1956 the tooth of a cave bear, the first ever discovered in Greece, was found in this cave by Anna Petrocheilou. An excavation, conducted by Ioannis Petrocheilos in the same year, discovered teeth and bones of an entire cave bear family, which lived some 600.000 years ago.

He also observed a new species of dolichopod. This was examined by the French bio-speleologist Chappuis, who named it Dolichopod petrocheilosus in honour of its finder.